Use of a genetic algorithm combined with a local search method for the automatic calibration of conceptual rainfall-runoff models

نویسندگان

  • MARCO FRANCHINI
  • Marco Franchini
چکیده

Wang (1991) reported that a genetic algorithm (GA), combined with a local search method, is an efficient and robust means for the calibration of conceptual rainfall-runoff models. In this article Wang's genetic algorithm has been slightly modified in order to improve its efficiency. The "optimal parameter set" produced by the G A has then been used as the starting point for a local optimization procedure based on Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the ability of the resulting algorithm, GA-SQP, to find the optimal parameter values during calibration of a conceptual rainfallrunoff (CRR) model. Two types of analysis were performed. The first refers to a theoretical case free of model and data errors, while the second refers to a real case in which the rainfall and runoff data were affected by evaluation errors. Specifically, in the synthetic data study, where the real set of parameters was known a priori, a 100% success rate was observed, and in all cases the number of objective function evaluations remained relatively limited. Utilisation d 'un algorithme génétique associé à une méthode de recherche locale pour le calage automatique des modèles conceptuels pluie-débit Résumé Wang (1991) a prouvé que l'algorithme génétique (AG) associé à une méthode d'optimisation locale représente un outil intéressant pour le calage des modèles conceptuels pluie-débit. Dans cet article l'algorithme génétique de Wang a été légèrement modifié afin d'en augmenter l'efficacité. La "solution" fournie par l'AG est ensuite utilisée comme point de départ d'une procédure d'optimisation locale utilisant la programmation quadratique séquentielle ("Sequential Quadratic Programming", SQP). Le but de ce travail est d'évaluer la capacité de l'algorithme AG-SQP obtenu à déterminer les valeurs optimales des paramètres au cours du calage d'un modèle conceptuel pluie-débit. Deux types d'analyse ont été réalisées. La première se rapporte à un cas théorique où modèle et données sont supposés sans erreurs alors que la seconde se rapporte à un cas concret où les données de pluie et de débit sont incertaines. Nous noterons qu'en utilisant des données synthétiques, où le jeu de paramètres réels est connu a priori, le taux de succès a atteint 100% alors que le nombre d'évaluations de la fonction "objectif" restait assez petit dans tous les cas. Open for discussion until I August 1996

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تاریخ انتشار 1996